上海版牛津英语 S1A U4 Surprisesat the Studio 学习辅导讲义

Reading 词汇学习

1. 核心词汇

surprise n. 意外事件；突然袭击；惊奇，诧异 例如：

I have a surprise for you! 我要告诉你一件你意想不到的事！

There are few surprises in your report. 你的报告中没有多少出人意料的事情。

【注意】：adj.令人惊奇的 vt.使惊奇;奇袭 surprised adj. 觉得惊奇的；感到意外的 surprising adj. 令人惊奇的；出人意料的

gasp vt. (因惊讶或害怕)喘着气说；气喘吁吁地说 例如：

He gasped, “What was that noise?” 他喘着气说：“那是什么声音？”

【注意】：vi. 喘气；喘息；渴望 例如：

She gasped at the wonderful view. 如此美景使她惊讶的倒吸了一口气。

n. 喘气 His breath came in short gasps. 他急速地喘着气。

faint vi. 昏厥，昏倒 例如：

I almost fainted when she told me.她告诉我时我差点昏死过去。

【注意】：n. 昏厥，昏倒 adj. 模糊的；虚弱的

beat (beat beat beaten) vt. 战胜；击败 例如：

He beat me at chess. 他下棋赢了我。

【注意】：vi. 打败；拍打；有节奏地舒张与收缩 n. 拍子；敲击

2. 拓展词汇

contestant n. 参赛者；竞争者 例如：

Please welcome our next contestant. 请欢迎我们的下一位竞赛选手。

【同根词】：contest n.竞赛；比赛 &v. 争取赢得（比赛等），争辩 例如：

Three candidates contested the leadership. 有三位候选人角逐领导权。(vt.)

3. 词组和短语

ahead of 在…之前

on one’s own 独自的；独立的

figure out 解决；算出；想出

stand for 代表；支持；象征

belong to 属于

would love to do 想要做

keep doing sth. 继续 / 一直 / 不停地做某事

4. 句型学习

It’s time for sth 是该做…的时候了。 类似的句型还有：

It’stime for sb. to do sth.;It’s time (that) sb. did/should do sth.是某某人该做某事的时候了。例如：It is the time to catch the last ferry for Pudong. 是该乘最后一班轮渡去浦东的时候了。

Itis time (that) we made up / should make up our minds whether to go to the west.

是该我们决定是否去西部的时候了。

Itis time for him to explain the reason why he told the lie.

该是他解释为什么说谎的时候了。

5. 附 流行和热门电视节目英语翻译名称：

Cartoon

CCTV news

Evening News

World’s Report

Weather Report

Soap Opera

Sports Shows

Sitcom (situation comedy)

(情景喜剧)

Game show

Talk show

English Today

Sports News

Healthy Living

Culture China

Chinese Cooking(中式烹饪）

Animal World

NBA GAMES

Reading 课文中译文

演播室内的意外事件

读一读小说《曼迪和安吉拉去欧洲》的节选。在这一节选中，曼迪和她的朋友安吉拉参加了一次电视竞赛节目的录制。

“开始拍摄还有五分钟了，”导演大声说，“都准备好了吗？”

“幸亏我不是一位选手！”曼迪喘着气说，“他们现在真的太紧张了！”

“哦，我倒很想当一名选手呢。”安吉拉说。

三名参赛选手坐在舞台上自己的座位上，等待着，炽热的舞台灯光直射在身上。突然，其中一位女选手站了起来然后就一头向前栽倒在座位前的桌子上。

“啊，太热了，她晕过去了。”曼迪喘着气说。一位录像师把那女选手扶下了台。

导演急忙从舞台对面的控制室跑来。“演出开始之前我们还需要补充一名新的参赛选手，”他大声说，“有谁愿意上电视？”

安吉拉举起了她的手。“你快上舞台吧！”导演高声嘱咐道。他让安吉拉在舞台上坐下，化妆师马上冲上来，并很快为安吉拉扑粉化妆。

“十秒倒计时，”导演大声说，“大家请微笑。提示莱斯特准备！”观众席上大家鼓起掌来。

主持人洪亮而低沉的声音响起：“现在时旅游知识竞赛时间，我是主持人莱斯特·李！”

莱斯特·李跑出来站在桌子前。竞赛节目开始了。

安吉拉表现得好极了。由于她回答问题很轻松，很快就领先于她的两位对手。

然而曼迪却紧张得不行，她坐在位子边上，一边看比赛一边咬着自己的手指甲。

二十五分钟过后，安吉拉战胜了另外两位选手。但她还要回答出六个问题才能赢得大奖。

曼迪非常激动，她已经无法保持安静了。安吉拉五个问题都答对了，现在只剩下最后一个问题了。

“最后一个问题，请问古罗马的圆形大剧场在什么地方？”莱斯特问。

“在意大利罗马。”安吉拉回答。

“回答正确！”莱斯特大声宣布，观众掌声响起来。“你赢得了今晚的大奖——可爱城市巴黎的双人游！”

语法知识 时间状语从句和原因状语从句

状语从句的分类:

1.时间状语从句

2.地点状语从句

3.原因状语从句

4.条件状语从句

5.方式状语从句

6.目的状语从句

7.比较状语从句

8.结果状语从句

9.让步状语从句

时间状语从句

1. 比较while, when, as

1)as, when 引导短暂性动作的动词。例如:

Just as / Just when / WhenI stopped my car, a man came up to me. 　　　

2)当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前,只能用when 引导这个从句,不可用as 或 while。例如：

When you have finished your work, you may have a rest. 　　　

3)从句表示“随时间推移”连词能用as,不用when 或while。例如：　　　

As the day went on, the weather got worse. 日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏。

2. the moment等一些表示时间的名词短语也可用来引导时间状语从句：这些名词短语如：the minute, the moment, every time, the first time。例如：

The moment he reached the country, he started his search.

他一到达这个国家，就开始他的探寻工作。

Every time I saw the straw hat, it reminded me of the tour I made years before.

每当我看到那顶草帽,它就使我想起几年前的那次旅游。

I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her.

我第一次见到她就觉得她诚实而友善。

3. directly等一些表示时间的副词也可用来引导时间状语从句。例如：

Directly the master came in, everyone was quiet.校长一进来， 大家就安静下来。

The young lady rushed into the room immediately she heard the noise.

那位年轻女士一听到响声就冲进房间。

4. 比较until和till

此两个连词意义相同。肯定形式表示的意思是“做某事直至某时”，动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的意思是“直至某时才做某事”。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。 正确使用这两个连词的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。

肯定句：　 I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。　 Waittill I call you.　 等着我叫你。　 （在肯定句中可用before代替 Let’s get in the wheat before the sun sets.）

否定句：　 She didn’t arrive until 6 o’clock.　 她直到6点才到。

Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped. 公共汽车停稳后再下车。

I didn’t manage to do it until you had explainedhow.　 直到你教我后，我才会做。　 　

Until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。例如：　

Until youtold me, I had heard nothing of what happened.　　 直到你告诉我以前,出了什么事我一点也不知道。　

Until when 疑问句中，until要放在句首。 　

---Until when are you staying?　你呆到什么时候？--- Until next Monday.　呆到下周一。　

【注意】：否定句用另外句式表示。

Not until …在句首，主句用倒装。例如：　　

Not untilthe early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is.

直到19 世纪初，人类才知道热能是什么。　　

Not untilI began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted. 　

直到我开始工作,我才认识到了我已蹉跎了几多岁月。

5. 表示"一…就…"的结构：hardly/scarcely…when/before, no sooner…than和as soon as都可以表示“一…就…”的意思，例如： 　

I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began torain.

I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.　

Assoon as I got home, it began to rain.　 注意:如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首,句子必须用倒装结构，例如：　

Hardly /Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.　

No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.

6.时间状语从句:(6大考点)

1) when /while / as “当….时候”

1._______he broke in, we were having an English class.

2.______________________ we werehaving an English class, a stranger broke in.

3.Thelittle children sang happily ______ they walked along.

★ 高考热点:

1. We wereswimming in the lake _________ thestorm started

2. He __________________________

__________________________

__________________________(正要告诉我) the secret ________ someonepatted him on the shoulder.

3.Why do you want a new job ________ youhave got such a good one already?

4.They were surprised that a child should work out the problem_______ they themselves couldn’t.

5.________I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person.

6. Strike _________ the iron is hot.

7. _________ time goes by, we have gained more and more knowledge.

小结:

当….的时候 当…的时候 当…的时候

when ★这时,正在这时 while ★而,然而 as 一边…一边…

★既然 趁着…时候 ★随着….

2)就…引导的时间状语从句:

1.---Did you remember to give Mary the moneyyou owed her?

----Yes. I gave it to her (一….就…)

________________________

________________________

________________________

________________________

________________________

________________________ I saw her.

2.--Did Linda see the traffic accident? --- __________had she gone_______it occurred.

(=________ had she gone ______ it happened.)

3).till / until “直到….为止”

1. Mother waited for Tom till / untilfar into the night. ( 持续性动词)

2. Tom didn’t get back till / until everythingwas all right. (短暂性动词)

=_____________ everything was all right__________________.

=________________ everything was all right ______ Tom got back.

3)since “ 自从”

1. ---How long ____ __the shop _________ open? ---Since 1992. (=Since 15 yearsago)

2. ---Since when ___________the country _______ open to internationaltrade?

---1978, I suppose.

3. ______ 5 years ___________ he graduated from college.

4. _______2 years _____ he smoked.

7. 观察下列句子:

1. He was impressed the first time heattended Professor’s lecture.

2. Every time I went to see him, he was lost in playing computer games.

3. I will pay a visit to you nexttime I go to Shanghai on business.

4. By the time he was 14 yearsold, he had learned advance mathematics.

8. before 的考点:

1. Scientistssay it may be five or six years ________ it is possible to test this medicineon human patients.

2. He was told that it would be at leastthree months ____ he could recover and return to work.

3. Someone called me in the middle of the night, butthey hung up _________ I could answer the phone.

小结: 常见句型:

It will be + 一段时间 + before…….

It was + 一段时间 + before…….

Itwon’t be long before ……

Itwasn’t long before……